Hyoscyamus orthocarpus
Image: Meise Botanic Garden (cc-by)
NameHyoscyamus orthocarpus
Scientific NameHyoscyamus orthocarpus Schönb.-Tem.
Common NamesHenbane
Plant FamilySolanaceae
Natural HabitatFound in ravines in mountainous regions of Iran, preferring humid environments.
Parts Usedleaf,flower
Medicinal Actionssedative,analgesic
Traditional UsesTraditionally, species of Hyoscyamus, particularly H. niger, have been used as powerful sedatives and analgesics for nervous conditions, insomnia, and muscle spasms. Due to extreme toxicity, internal use was highly restricted and often limited to external applications or highly diluted preparations, sometimes also used as an anesthetic.
Active ConstituentsHyoscyamine, Scopolamine
Preparation Methodsinfusion,tincture,poultice
Contraindications & WarningsExtremely toxic and potentially lethal. Contraindicated in pregnancy, breastfeeding, glaucoma, prostate enlargement, heart conditions, and in conjunction with other central nervous system depressants. Use only under strict professional supervision and never self-medicate.
Cultivation NotesPrefers well-drained soil and full sun to partial shade. Thrives in humid environments, often found in disturbed mountainous ravines. Requires careful handling due to toxicity.
Rarityuncommon
Description
Hyoscyamus orthocarpus is a robust herbaceous plant, typically growing 30-40 cm tall. It features fleshy leaves and produces whitish-violet flowers. The specimen shows a branched stem with alternate leaves and terminal flower clusters.
