Common Snake-apple
NameCommon Snake-apple
Scientific NameSolanum aculeastrum
Common NamesCommon Snake-apple, Goat Bitter-apple, Poison Apple, Soda Apple, Forest Bitter-apple
Plant FamilySolanaceae
Natural HabitatNative to tropical and southern Africa, it commonly grows in disturbed areas, forest margins, grasslands, and open woodlands. It can also be found as a weed in pastures and cultivated lands.
Parts Usedfruit,leaf,root
Medicinal Actionsanti-inflammatory,antimicrobial,antioxidant
Traditional UsesTraditionally, the fruits (often after specific preparation to reduce toxicity) and roots have been used in African traditional medicine for various ailments. Uses include treating skin infections, ringworm, toothache, coughs, colds, venereal diseases, and as an anti-inflammatory. The ripe fruits are sometimes used externally for boils and wounds.
Active ConstituentsSolasodine, Solamargine, Solanine, Flavonoids, Saponins
Preparation Methodsdecoction,poultice,powder
Contraindications & WarningsAll parts of the plant, especially unripe fruits, are toxic due to steroidal glycoalkaloids. Ingestion can cause severe gastrointestinal upset, neurological symptoms, and can be fatal. Should not be consumed internally without expert guidance and specific detoxification methods. Avoid during pregnancy and lactation.
Cultivation NotesThis plant is generally considered a weed in many areas. It prefers full sun to partial shade and well-drained soil. It is drought-tolerant once established and can be propagated by seed. Due to its toxicity, it is not typically cultivated for ornamental or general medicinal purposes.
Raritycommon
Description
Solanum aculeastrum is a thorny, woody shrub or small tree, typically growing 1-5 meters tall. It features ovate, lobed leaves covered in stellate hairs, and produces numerous bright orange, spherical fruits that are bitter and poisonous when unripe.
