Madagascar Periwinkle
NameMadagascar Periwinkle
Scientific NameCatharanthus roseus
Common NamesMadagascar Periwinkle, Rosy Periwinkle, Cape Periwinkle, Old Maid
Plant FamilyApocynaceae
Natural HabitatNative to Madagascar, this plant is now widely naturalized in tropical and subtropical regions worldwide. It thrives in disturbed areas, coastal zones, open woodlands, and as an ornamental garden plant.
Parts Usedwhole_plant
Medicinal Actionsanti-inflammatory,antimicrobial,antioxidant,diuretic
Traditional UsesHistorically, in folk medicine, Madagascar Periwinkle has been used for treating diabetes, high blood pressure, malaria, dysentery, and as an astringent for wounds. However, it is critically important to note that this plant is highly toxic and its internal use in traditional herbalism is extremely dangerous due to its potent alkaloids. Its most significant medicinal contribution is the isolation of vinca alkaloids (like vincristine and vinblastine) for modern chemotherapy.
Active ConstituentsVincristine, Vinblastine, Ajmalicine, Serpentine, Catharanthine
Preparation Methodsinfusion,decoction,powder
Contraindications & WarningsEXTREMELY TOXIC. Madagascar Periwinkle is NOT safe for internal use in herbal medicine due to its potent cytotoxic alkaloids. Ingestion can cause severe gastrointestinal issues, neurotoxicity, bone marrow suppression, and can be fatal. It is strictly contraindicated for pregnant and breastfeeding women, children, and individuals with liver or kidney conditions. It interacts with numerous medications, particularly those metabolized by the liver. Its medicinal use is strictly confined to pharmaceutical extraction and controlled clinical settings.
Cultivation NotesThis plant prefers full sun to partial shade and well-drained soil. It is drought-tolerant once established and can be grown as an annual in cooler climates or a perennial in tropical and subtropical zones. It propagates easily from seed or stem cuttings.
Raritycommon
Description
Madagascar Periwinkle is an evergreen subshrub characterized by its glossy, dark green, opposite leaves and five-petaled flowers, which can be white, pink, or purple with a contrasting eye. It grows upright and bushy, blooming almost continuously in warm climates.
