tall nightshade
Nametall nightshade
Scientific NameSolanum dulcamara
Common NamesBittersweet Nightshade, Woody Nightshade, Climbing Nightshade, European Bittersweet
Plant FamilySolanaceae
Natural HabitatCommonly found in moist, disturbed areas, woodlands, hedgerows, fencerows, and along stream banks and ditches. It thrives in temperate regions.
Parts Usedwhole_plant
Medicinal Actionsanalgesic,anti-inflammatory,diuretic,sedative
Traditional UsesHistorically, tall nightshade was used externally for skin conditions such as eczema, warts, and ringworm. Internally, with extreme caution due to its toxicity, it was used for chronic skin diseases, rheumatism, and bronchitis, often acting as a purgative or emetic. Modern herbalism strongly advises against internal use due to its poisonous nature.
Active ConstituentsSolanine, Solasodine, Dulcamarine, Steroidal glycoalkaloids
Preparation Methodsdecoction,tincture,poultice
Contraindications & WarningsEXTREMELY TOXIC. All parts of the plant, especially the berries, are poisonous and can cause severe symptoms including nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, dizziness, convulsions, and death. It should never be ingested. Pregnant and breastfeeding women, children, and individuals with liver or kidney conditions should absolutely avoid any contact or use. May interact with anticholinergic drugs.
Cultivation NotesA vigorous and often invasive vine, tall nightshade prefers moist, fertile soils and can grow in partial shade to full sun. It readily propagates from seeds dispersed by birds or from stem cuttings, making it a common weed in many areas.
Raritycommon
Description
Tall nightshade (Solanum dulcamara) is a perennial, semi-woody vine or scrambling shrub characterized by its simple, ovate to heart-shaped leaves and clusters of star-shaped white to purple flowers with prominent yellow anthers. These flowers are followed by bright red, ovoid berries. All parts of the plant, especially the berries, are highly toxic due to steroidal glycoalkaloids.
