Pennyroyal
Image: Ben and Lydia (cc-by-nc)
NamePennyroyal
Scientific NameMentha pulegium L.
Common NamesPennyroyal, European Pennyroyal, Pudding Grass
Plant FamilyLamiaceae
Natural HabitatNative to Europe, North Africa, and the Middle East, Pennyroyal thrives in moist, disturbed soils, often found in meadows, pastures, ditches, and along stream banks. It prefers full sun to partial shade and can be found in temperate regions worldwide as a naturalized species.
Parts Usedleaf,flower
Medicinal Actionsanalgesic,antimicrobial,carminative,nervine
Traditional UsesHistorically, Pennyroyal was used as a carminative to relieve flatulence and indigestion, and as an emmenagogue to stimulate menstruation. It was also applied topically as an insect repellent and for skin conditions. Due to its high toxicity, especially the essential oil, its internal medicinal use has largely been abandoned.
Active ConstituentsPulegone, Menthone, Isomenthone, Flavonoids
Preparation Methodsinfusion,essential_oil
Contraindications & WarningsPennyroyal is highly toxic, particularly its essential oil, which is a potent abortifacient and hepatotoxic. It should NEVER be used internally by pregnant women, infants, or individuals with liver or kidney disease. Even small doses of the essential oil can be fatal, causing severe liver damage, seizures, and death. Internal use of any part of the plant is strongly discouraged due to the risk of severe adverse effects.
Cultivation NotesPennyroyal is relatively easy to grow, preferring moist, well-drained soil and full sun to partial shade. It can be invasive, spreading rapidly by rhizomes, so it is often best grown in containers or areas where its spread can be controlled. It is hardy in USDA zones 5-9.
Raritycommon
Description
Pennyroyal is a low-growing, spreading perennial herb in the mint family, characterized by small, oval, dark green leaves and a strong minty aroma. It produces whorls of tiny, pale purple to pinkish-white flowers arranged in dense clusters along the stem. The plant typically reaches heights of 10-30 cm.
