Pachliopta philippus
Image: Sneha Elango (cc-by-nc)
NamePachliopta philippus
Scientific NameAristolochia indica
Common NamesIndian Birthwort, Ishwari
Plant FamilyAristolochiaceae
Natural HabitatNative to tropical and subtropical regions of South and Southeast Asia, *Aristolochia indica* typically grows in forests, scrublands, and along riverbanks.
Parts Usedroot,leaf
Medicinal Actionsanti-inflammatory,antimicrobial,antioxidant
Traditional UsesTraditionally, *Aristolochia indica* has been used in Ayurvedic medicine for conditions such as snake bites, skin diseases, fever, and intestinal worms. Historically, it was also employed as an abortifacient and emmenagogue, though its use is now highly discouraged due to severe toxicity.
Active ConstituentsAristolochic acids, aristolactams, lignans
Preparation Methodsdecoction,powder,poultice
Contraindications & WarningsEXTREMELY IMPORTANT: Contains highly toxic and carcinogenic aristolochic acids. Use is strongly contraindicated in pregnancy, kidney disease, liver disease, and cancer. Its consumption can lead to irreversible kidney damage and urothelial cancer. Not recommended for internal use.
Cultivation NotesPrefers warm, humid climates and well-drained, fertile soil. Can be propagated from seeds or stem cuttings. Requires support for its climbing habit. Cultivation is primarily for ornamental purposes or research, not for medicinal self-administration due to toxicity.
Rarityuncommon
Description
While 'Pachliopta philippus' refers to a species of butterfly whose caterpillar is depicted, this entry describes its primary host plant, *Aristolochia indica*. This perennial climbing shrub is known for its distinctive pipe-shaped flowers and heart-shaped leaves, often found climbing on other vegetation.
