Ma Huang (Ephedra)
Image: 董昆鹏 (Kunpeng DONG) (cc-by-nc)
NameMa Huang (Ephedra)
Scientific NameEphedra sinica
Common NamesMa Huang, Chinese Ephedra, Ephedra
Plant FamilyEphedraceae
Natural HabitatNative to dry, arid, and semi-arid regions of Asia, particularly China and Mongolia, often found in rocky slopes, sandy areas, and grasslands.
Parts Usedwhole_plant
Medicinal Actionsdiuretic,expectorant
Traditional UsesTraditionally used in Chinese medicine (TCM) for treating asthma, bronchitis, colds, flu, and nasal congestion due to its bronchodilator and decongestant properties. It was also used to promote sweating, increase energy, and stimulate the central nervous system.
Active ConstituentsEphedrine, Pseudoephedrine, Norephedrine
Preparation Methodsinfusion,decoction,tincture,powder
Contraindications & WarningsContraindicated in individuals with high blood pressure, heart conditions, anxiety, insomnia, glaucoma, prostate enlargement, thyroid disease, or diabetes. It can interact dangerously with MAOIs, stimulants, and certain other medications. Use with extreme caution or avoid entirely.
Cultivation NotesPrefers well-drained, sandy or rocky soils and full sun exposure. It is highly drought-tolerant once established and can be propagated by seed or stem cuttings.
Raritycommon
Description
Ephedra sinica is a shrub-like plant characterized by its slender, jointed, green stems and small, scale-like leaves. It produces small, yellowish, cone-like reproductive structures along its stems. This gymnosperm is well-adapted to arid environments.
