Ma Huang (Ephedra)
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NameMa Huang (Ephedra)
Scientific NameEphedra sinica
Common NamesMa Huang, Chinese Ephedra, Ephedra
Plant FamilyEphedraceae
Natural HabitatNative to arid and semi-arid regions of northeastern Asia, including China, Mongolia, and Siberia, where it thrives in dry, rocky, or sandy soils and mountainous areas.
Parts Usedwhole_plant
Medicinal Actionsexpectorant,diuretic,anti-inflammatory
Traditional UsesTraditionally used in Chinese Medicine (TCM) for treating respiratory conditions such as asthma, bronchitis, colds, and flu due to its bronchodilator and decongestant properties. It is also employed to induce sweating, promote urination, and alleviate joint pain.
Active ConstituentsEphedrine, Pseudoephedrine, Norephedrine, Methylephedrine
Preparation Methodsdecoction,powder,tincture
Contraindications & WarningsContraindicated in individuals with hypertension, heart disease, hyperthyroidism, glaucoma, prostate enlargement, anxiety, or insomnia. It can interact dangerously with MAO inhibitors, other stimulants, and certain blood pressure medications. Use during pregnancy or breastfeeding is not recommended.
Cultivation NotesPrefers full sun exposure and well-drained, sandy or rocky soil. It is highly drought-tolerant once established and can be propagated from seeds or stem cuttings. Requires minimal water and can tolerate poor soil conditions.
Raritycommon
Description
Ephedra sinica is a shrub-like gymnosperm characterized by numerous slender, jointed, green-to-yellowish stems that appear leafless, with small, scale-like leaves at the nodes. It produces small, inconspicuous cones, as seen in the image, which are typically yellowish.
