Indian Birthwort
Image: Sneha Elango (cc-by-nc)
NameIndian Birthwort
Scientific NameAristolochia indica
Common NamesIshwari, Sarpagandha, Dutchman's Pipe (general Aristolochia)
Plant FamilyAristolochiaceae
Natural HabitatFound in tropical and subtropical regions of India, Sri Lanka, and Southeast Asia, typically growing in forests, scrublands, and along riverbanks.
Parts Usedroot,leaf,whole_plant
Medicinal Actionsanti-inflammatory,antimicrobial,antioxidant
Traditional UsesTraditionally used in Ayurvedic medicine for snakebites, insect stings, skin diseases, fever, and digestive complaints. It was also employed as an emmenagogue and for its general anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties.
Active ConstituentsAristolochic acids, Aristolactams, Alkaloids, Lignans
Preparation Methodsdecoction,powder,poultice
Contraindications & WarningsContains aristolochic acids, which are highly nephrotoxic (damaging to kidneys) and carcinogenic (cancer-causing). Its use is strongly discouraged and banned in many countries due to severe health risks, including kidney failure and urinary tract cancer. Absolutely contraindicated in pregnancy, lactation, and individuals with kidney disease.
Cultivation NotesPrefers well-drained soil and partial shade. It is a climbing plant that requires support. Propagation can be achieved through seeds or stem cuttings.
Rarityuncommon
Description
Aristolochia indica is a perennial, woody climber native to tropical Asia, characterized by its heart-shaped leaves and distinctive S-shaped, purplish-brown flowers. The plant produces capsular fruits containing numerous flat seeds. The image provided shows a caterpillar, likely of the Pachliopta aristolochiae butterfly, which feeds on Aristolochia species.
