Hyoscyamus kotschyanus
Image: Walter N. Koelz (cc-by-nc)
NameHyoscyamus kotschyanus
Scientific NameHyoscyamus kotschyanus Pojark.
Common NamesKotschy's Henbane, Iranian Henbane
Plant FamilySolanaceae
Natural HabitatNative to the mountainous regions of Iran, specifically found at high altitudes around 9000 ft (2743 m) in areas such as Gahar in the Bakhtiari Province. It thrives in dry, often rocky or disturbed soils.
Parts Usedleaf,flower,seed,root
Medicinal Actionsanalgesic,sedative
Traditional UsesTraditionally, Hyoscyamus species, including H. kotschyanus, have been used as potent sedatives and analgesics to alleviate pain, muscle spasms, and nervous tension. Due to its highly toxic nature, its application was historically limited and required extreme caution, often administered externally or in very small, controlled doses for conditions like insomnia, neuralgia, and asthma.
Active ConstituentsHyoscyamine, Scopolamine, Atropine
Preparation Methodsinfusion,tincture,poultice,powder
Contraindications & WarningsHighly toxic and potentially fatal in overdose. Contraindicated in glaucoma, prostate enlargement, heart conditions, pregnancy, breastfeeding, and in individuals with hypersensitivity to tropane alkaloids. Use only under strict medical supervision.
Cultivation NotesPrefers full sun to partial shade and well-drained, often calcareous soils. It is typically a biennial or annual plant that can self-seed readily in suitable conditions. Requires minimal water once established.
Rarityuncommon
Description
A herbaceous plant characterized by its dull yellow flowers, which are typically veined purplish and feature a distinct dark purplish spot in the throat. The leaves are generally lobed or toothed, and the plant often exhibits a hairy texture.
