Bitter Apple
NameBitter Apple
Scientific NameSolanum incanum
Common NamesBitter Apple, Thorn Apple, Sodom Apple
Plant FamilySolanaceae
Natural HabitatCommonly found in disturbed areas, grasslands, open woodlands, and roadsides across tropical and subtropical regions of Africa, the Middle East, and parts of Asia. It prefers well-drained soils and full sun.
Parts Usedfruit,leaf,root
Medicinal Actionsanti-inflammatory,antimicrobial,analgesic,antioxidant
Traditional UsesTraditionally employed for treating skin infections, wounds, boils, toothaches, coughs, and fevers. The fruits are used as a purgative and for stomach ailments, while roots are applied for abdominal pain and venereal diseases.
Active ConstituentsSolasodine, Solamargine, Solasonine, Flavonoids, Saponins
Preparation Methodsdecoction,poultice,powder
Contraindications & WarningsHighly toxic if ingested in large quantities due to steroidal glycoalkaloids, potentially causing severe gastrointestinal and neurological symptoms. Not recommended for internal use without expert guidance; avoid during pregnancy and lactation.
Cultivation NotesEasily grown from seed in warm climates with full sun and well-drained soil. It is drought-tolerant and can be considered weedy or invasive in some regions.
Raritycommon
Description
A thorny, erect, perennial shrub reaching up to 1.5 meters, characterized by its ovate to lanceolate, often hairy leaves. It produces distinctive star-shaped, purple flowers with prominent yellow anthers, followed by spherical, yellow berries.
