Pachliopta asinius
Image: Sneha Elango (cc-by-nc)
NamePachliopta asinius
Scientific NameAristolochia indica
Common NamesIndian Birthwort, Ishwari, Sarpagandha, Dutchman's Pipe
Plant FamilyAristolochiaceae
Natural HabitatNative to tropical and subtropical regions of India, Sri Lanka, and Southeast Asia, Aristolochia indica thrives in forests, scrublands, and along riverbanks, preferring warm and humid climates.
Parts Usedroot,leaf,stem
Medicinal Actionsanti-inflammatory,antimicrobial,antioxidant,diuretic
Traditional UsesTraditionally, in Ayurvedic medicine, Aristolochia indica has been used for snakebites, insect stings, skin diseases, fever, and digestive complaints. It was also historically employed as an abortifacient and to induce labor. However, its use is highly controversial and dangerous due to severe toxicity.
Active ConstituentsAristolochic acids, Aristolactams, Magnoflorine, Aristolochine
Preparation Methodsdecoction,powder
Contraindications & WarningsEXTREMELY TOXIC. Aristolochia indica contains aristolochic acids, which are potent nephrotoxins and carcinogens, causing severe kidney damage, kidney failure, and significantly increasing the risk of cancer. Its use is strongly discouraged and it is banned in many countries. Absolutely contraindicated in pregnancy, lactation, kidney disease, and by anyone due to its severe health risks.
Cultivation NotesNot typically cultivated for medicinal purposes due to its extreme toxicity. It grows best in warm, humid climates with well-drained soil and requires support as a climbing vine.
Raritycommon
Description
This entry refers to Aristolochia indica, a host plant for caterpillars of the Pachliopta genus, such as Pachliopta aristolochiae. It is a perennial climbing shrub characterized by heart-shaped leaves and distinctive pipe-shaped flowers. The plant is known for its complex chemical profile, including highly toxic aristolochic acids.
